J Korean Soc Environ Eng. 2016; 38(11): 589-595.
Published online 2016 November 30.
Environmental Impact Evaluation on Landfill Treatment of Petro-Chemical Wastewater Sludge by Life Cycle Assessment
1BK 21 Plus Team, University of Ulsan
2Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan
Received 2016 August 08; Accepted 2016 November 01.
ABSTRACT
This study evaluated the environmental impacts for landfill treatment of the wastewater treatment sludge (WTS) from petrochemical firms by life cycle assessment (LCA) and reviewed the impact reduction by landfill gas (LFG) utilization. The functional unit was ‘landfill of 1 ton of WTS’, and the system boundary included the process of input and treatment for WTS in landfill site. The impacts were high at landfill process (LP) and leachate treatment process (LTP). Global warming (GWP) and photochemical oxidants creation (POCP) were high at LP, while abiotic depletion (ADP), acidification (AP), eutrophication (EP), ozone depletion (ODP) were high at LTP. The major substances of various impact categories were crude oil (ADP), NOX (AP, EP), CH4 (GWP, POCP), Cl2 (ODP), respectively. The major factor of ADP, AP, EP was attributed from the generation of electricity used in LTP, and the methane within uncollected LFG was main factor of GWP and POCP. Therefore, electricity consumption reduction is identified to be an impact improvement option, and the flaring system installation or enhanced LFG recovery could be an alternative to reduce impacts. Among the various categories, GWP accounted the highest impact (≥ 90%) followed by ADP, POCP. In the avoidance impact resulted from the utilization of LFG, to substitute B-C oil or LNG showed the impact reduction of 32.7% and 12.0%, respectively.
Keywords :
Petrochemical, Sludge, Landfill, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment
